The Olympic Games were the first sports organizations globally, conceived by the Greeks in the year 776 BC, where people gathered to compete in the sport.
In 146 BC, the Romans conquered Greece but did not abolish the Olympic competitions. But in the year 394 AD, the Roman Emperor Theodisio, abolished the games, taking eight centuries to happen again.
After this long period without competitions, the Games returned to being disputed and began to dissipate around the world; being organized by England in the 19th century, athletics began to fall into the taste of the English, becoming their favorite sport at the time. Later, athletics spread to other countries in Europe and America and globally.
Phases In Athletics
Boost Phase
The main objective of this phase is to obtain vertical speed without losing horizontal speed, maintaining balance, and increasing the vertical component of the jump.
It uses a powerful extension of the hip, knee, and ankle joints (hamstrings, quadriceps, sartorius, sural triceps) to boost it. At the same time, the lifting leg makes the push using hip flexion (iliopsoas, quadriceps, pectineus, and sartorius).
Thus enters the action of the arms helping to elevate the center of the body (upper and middle fibers trapezius, scapula levator, rhomboids, anterior and medium deltoid, pectoralis major, coracobrachialis, and supraspinatus).
Phase V Oo
The athlete brings their legs forward with their knees fully extended, the arms are forward, and the flight occurs with the body in a seated position. Using the muscles:
- Upper Fibers Trapezium;
- Anterior Deltoid;
- Greater Pectoral;
- Rectus Abdominal;
- Iliopsoas;
- Rectus Femoral.
Fall Phase
The aim of the takedown is for the athlete to seek the farthest point from the take-off board. As the center of gravity projects too far forward, the athlete must fall without sitting on the sand as soon as they touch the ground.
The torso and arms should be forward, between the knees, making it easier for the body to move forward in the fall.
At this point, the muscles involved are:
- Deltoid;
- Breastplate;
- Rectus Abdominal;
- Gluteus Maximus (Eccentric);
- hamstrings;
- Sural Triceps.
